Colon and rectal cancer – Tumors of the colon and rectum (colorectal) are of two kinds, namely benign tumors (benign) and malignant tumors (malignant).

Benign tumors are divided into:

A. Tumor

Epitelial:

• Adenoma
• Adenomatosis

B. tumor Nonepitelial

• Leomioma
• Hemangiomas
• lipoma

Tumor ganas terdiri report:

• Karsinoma
• Sarcoma

Most of the patients with benign tumors usually do not have a complaint unless it has been no complications did not cause diarrhea. If the location of the tumor in the lower part of the colon usually cause bleeding. Other complaints are rare mucoid diarrhea that is sometimes accompanied by abdominal pain.

To find these benign tumors should be performed radiological and endoscopic examination which includes examination and colonoscopy sigmoidaskopi. Treatment of benign tumor is usually done by the operating.

Colon or colorectal cancer, including malignant disease ranked 10th most common in the world including Indonesia. Colorectal cancer is usually found in men and women aged over 50 years. Along with lifestyle changes at this time 50% of patients with colon cancer under the age of 40 years. Colorectal cancer is classified as fatal because an estimated 50% of sufferers die from the disease.

Cause

Causative factors of colorectal cancer as follows:

A. Diet

Lack of eating fibrous foods that cause the course of food in the small intestine to be slow. These conditions resulted in contact between substances that are potential carcinogens with mucosal lasts longer.

B. Abnormality in the colon

• Adenomas in the colon

Adenomas into cancer about 1% with a size of less than 1 cm, 10% with a size of 1-2 cm and 50% with more than 2 cm in size.

• Familial polyposis

Rarely found in Indonesia but 70% of them become malignant.

• Colitis Ulcerativa

Patients with chronic colitis ulcerativa about 50% will be colon cancer.

Lifestyle even become one of the triggers the emergence of colorectal cancer. The habit of eating foods high in fat such as fast food and fried foods can lead to colorectal cancer. In addition to lifestyle, polyps in the colon are also considered to increase the risk of this disease. Recently reported that there is a relationship between aspirin therapy with the ability to lower the risk of this cancer.

Symptom

Early symptoms experienced by patients with colorectal cancer include bleeding in the colon that is characterized by the discovery of blood on the fases during bowel movements, diarrhea or constipation for no apparent reason and lasted more than six weeks, weight loss, abdominal pain, and abdominal still feel full despite having a bowel movement.

Sometimes patients see a doctor too late because the symptoms of bowel cancer are relatively mild symptoms and are associated with the gastrointestinal tract such as abdominal bloating, pain, and constipation. To determine the presence of bowel cancer doctor will perform laboratory tests through examination of tumors and cancer (CEA) and colonoscopy examination. Colonoscopy examination performed by inserting a flexible tube equipped with a camera and a needle biopsy. Through this examination of the colon mucous membrane can be seen and the part that can be photographed and biopsied suspicious (taken a bit of tissue). Examination kolonoskpi relatively safe and harmless. Stool examination conducted to determine the presence of Shigella bacteria or amoebae.